Laser Cutting Head

Introduction 

In modern manufacturing, laser cutting technology has become an indispensable method for precision processing, and the laser cutting head serves as the ""eyes and sword"" of the entire system, directly determining the accuracy, speed, and quality of the cut. By focusing a high-energy laser beam, it enables non-contact cutting of metals, non-metals, and other materials, eliminating issues like burrs, deformation, and tool wear associated with traditional mechanical cutting. As Industry 4.0 advances, laser cutting heads are evolving toward greater intelligence and automation. This article delves into the principles, types, features, and applications of laser cutting heads, with a special focus on how COCOCUT stands out in this field, delivering efficient and reliable solutions."

Working Principle of Laser Cutting Heads 

"The laser cutting head is a critical component of a laser cutting machine, primarily consisting of a focusing lens assembly, nozzle, auxiliary gas system, and height-tracking sensors. Its operation relies on the thermal effect of the laser beam: a high-power laser generates a beam that is focused through an optical system into a tiny spot with a diameter of just 0.1–0.3 mm, achieving an energy density of 10^6–10^9 W/cm². When this spot strikes the workpiece surface, the material instantly melts, vaporizes, or burns, while a high-pressure auxiliary gas (such as nitrogen, oxygen, or compressed air) blows away the molten slag, creating a smooth cut.
The core of a laser cutting head lies in dynamic control. It must adjust the focal point (Z-axis) in real time to accommodate surface irregularities on the workpiece. Advanced cutting heads integrate capacitive or inductive height sensors to maintain an optimal distance (typically 0.5–2 mm) between the nozzle and the workpiece, ensuring consistent cutting stability. Compared to traditional methods, laser cutting heads achieve micron-level precision, making them ideal for complex curves and intricate patterns."

Types of Laser Cutting Heads

"Laser cutting heads are categorized based on the laser source and application, each optimized for specific materials and processes:

CO2 Laser Cutting Heads: Operating at a wavelength of approximately 10.6 μm, these are suitable for non-metals (e.g., wood, acrylic, plastic) and thin metals. They offer stable beams and lower costs but have lower absorption rates for reflective metals like copper or aluminum. They are commonly used in advertising and craft industries.
Fiber Laser Cutting Heads: With a wavelength of 1.06 μm, these heads transmit energy via optical fibers, achieving high efficiency (>30%) and long lifespans (>100,000 hours). Designed for metal cutting, they offer cutting speeds 2–3 times faster than CO2 systems, making them ideal for automotive, aerospace, and industrial applications. Examples include heads with integrated QBH/QCS interfaces for seamless compatibility."